Raspberry Piのネットワークを設定する

有線LAN

有線LAN用固定IPの設定

$ sudo cp /etc/network/interfaces{,.orig}
$ sudo vim /etc/network/interfaces

/etc/network/interfaces

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.21.41
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.21.1

該当IFの無効・有効化

$ sudo ifdown eth0 && sudo ifup eth0

無線LAN

無線LANクライアントの設定

$ sudo cp /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf{,.orig}
$ wpa_passphrase "RaspiSSID" "RaspiSSIDPW" | sudo tee -a /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
network={
        ssid="RaspiSSID"
        #psk="RaspiSSIDPW"
        psk=d721085129ab22a68036c3c5cf7d28dab5f9b3de93a8866fe6626d59e811b7f7
}

$ sudo vim /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
update_config=1
network={
        ssid="RaspiSSID"
        scan_ssid=0           # スキャン方法(0:パッシブ、1:アクティブ)
        priority=0            # 値が大きいほど優先度が高い(デフォルトは0)
        proto=RSN             # WPA2はRSNの別名
        key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
        pairwise=TKIP CCMP
        group=CCMP
        psk=d721085129ab22a68036c3c5cf7d28dab5f9b3de93a8866fe6626d59e811b7f7
        id_str="RaspiConf"    # 識別名
}

無線LAN用固定IPの設定

$ sudo cp /etc/network/interfaces{,.orig}
$ sudo vim /etc/network/interfaces

/etc/network/interfaces

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.21.41
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.21.1

allow-hotplug wlan0
iface wlan0 inet manual
wpa-roam /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
iface default inet dhcp

iface RaspiConf inet static
address 192.168.21.42
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.21.1

該当IFの無効・有効化

$ sudo ifdown wlan0 && sudo ifup wlan0

リゾルバの設定

$ sudo vim /etc/resolv.conf
$ cat /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 192.168.21.1
nameserver 192.168.22.1
search example.com example.jp

ホスト名の設定

$ sudo vim /etc/hostname
$ cat /etc/hostname
raspi

$ sudo vim /etc/hosts
$ cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1      localhost.localdomain   localhost
127.0.1.1      raspi.example.com       raspi
192.168.11.41  raspi.example.com       raspi
192.168.11.42  raspi.example.com       raspi

再起動

$ sudo shutdown -r now

[参考URL]
How-To: WiFi roaming with wpa-supplicant | Debuntu
wpa_supplicant.conf(5)
Gentoo Linux ドキュメント -- 無線ネットワーク